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Much of GCI scientific research involves the study of building
materials, such as earth, lime mortars and plasters, and stone.
The Institute's research includes investigating the factors affecting
the decay of these materials, the mechanisms by which the materials
deteriorate, and the design of methods to mitigate damage and loss.
A range of instrumental and scientific tools are used by the Institute
staff to conduct materials characterization.
For example, GCI researchers have been investigating the damage
that salt crystallization can cause in ancient stone monuments.
Using tools such as time-lapse video and the environmental scanning
electron microscope to investigate the behavior of salt-laden stone,
this research helps explain why certain salts are more damaging
than others, and what parameters are likely to be important in determining
the extent of the damage. The research opens the way to considering
the use of certain materials, such as some surfactants, that might
modify the physical properties of salt solutions and thus reduce
the damage they cause.
Presently, GCI's work on building materials is reflected in a number
of projects:
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